Must-Read Investment Memos
8Iconic memos and analyses from the best investors in venture history
Roelof Botha's YouTube Memo
Roelof Botha · Sequoia Capital · 2005 · YouTube
A masterclass in identifying early consumer traction. Botha saw YouTube's explosive growth in user-uploaded video at a time when most dismissed it as a piracy risk. The memo demonstrates how to build conviction around behavioral signals rather than financial metrics.
Mike Moritz's Google Memo
Mike Moritz · Sequoia Capital · 1999 · Google
Written when Google was a Stanford research project. The memo captures Moritz's framework for evaluating technical founders and assessing market timing in a crowded search market.
Peter Thiel's Facebook Investment
Peter Thiel · Founders Fund (personal) · 2004 · Facebook
The legendary $500K angel check for 10.2% of Facebook. Thiel's thesis centered on network density at Harvard and the structural advantage of starting with an exclusive, high-engagement community.
Marc Andreessen on Coinbase
Marc Andreessen · Andreessen Horowitz · 2013 · Coinbase
a16z's thesis on crypto infrastructure. The memo argues that every financial system needs a trusted exchange, and Coinbase was positioning to be the regulated on-ramp for an emerging asset class.
Bill Gurley's Uber Analysis
Bill Gurley · Benchmark · 2014 · Uber
Published as 'A Deeper Look at Uber's Dynamic Pricing Model.' Gurley's framework for understanding marketplace dynamics, network effects, and why Uber's TAM was vastly larger than the taxi market.
Bessemer's Anti-Portfolio
Various · Bessemer Venture Partners · Ongoing · Multiple
Not a single memo but an invaluable resource. Bessemer publicly catalogs every major company they passed on (Apple, Google, Facebook, etc.) with the actual reasoning. Essential reading for understanding how even great investors make mistakes.
Benchmark's eBay Investment
Bob Kagle · Benchmark · 1997 · eBay
One of the greatest venture returns in history ($6.7M became $5B). The memo focuses on marketplace liquidity dynamics and the power of buyer-seller network effects at a time when e-commerce was unproven.
Union Square Ventures' Twitter Thesis
Fred Wilson · Union Square Ventures · 2007 · Twitter
USV's investment thesis centered on Twitter as a new communication protocol, not just a social network. Wilson's framework for 'large networks of engaged users' as the primary investment filter for USV.